Central Asia: A New Arena of Great Power Rivalry Over Rare Earth Minerals?
Introduction
Rare earth minerals (REMs) are a group of 17 elements that are essential for a wide range of modern technologies, including electronics, batteries, and renewable energy systems. These minerals are relatively scarce, and their supply is concentrated in a few countries, including China, Russia, and the United States.
China's Dominance in the REM Market
China is currently the world's largest producer and exporter of REMs, controlling over 90% of the global market. This dominance gives China significant leverage over other countries that rely on REMs for their industries.
In recent years, China has used its control over the REM market to exert political and economic pressure on other countries. For example, in 2010, China cut off REM exports to Japan after a diplomatic dispute over the Senkaku Islands.
The Rise of Central Asia as a REM Producer
Central Asia is home to some of the world's largest REM deposits. Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan are all estimated to have significant reserves of these minerals.
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in developing REM mines in Central Asia. Several foreign companies have invested in exploration and mining projects in the region.
The Potential for Great Power Rivalry in Central Asia
The emergence of Central Asia as a major REM producer has the potential to reshape the global balance of power in this region. China, Russia, and the United States are all likely to compete for influence in Central Asia in order to secure access to these valuable minerals.
This competition could lead to increased tensions between these powers and potentially even conflict.
Conclusion
The development of REM mines in Central Asia has the potential to significantly alter the global balance of power in this region. China, Russia, and the United States are all likely to compete for influence in Central Asia in order to secure access to these valuable minerals.
This competition could lead to increased tensions between these powers and potentially even conflict.
